Triethanolamine (TEA) is a commonly used ingredient in cosmetics that serves multiple purposes.

Advantages :
Firstly, it acts as a pH adjuster, helping to balance the acidity or alkalinity of a product. This is crucial for maintaining the skin's natural pH level, which is important for healthy skin. Secondly, TEA acts as an emulsifier, allowing oil and water-based ingredients to mix together seamlessly. This helps to create stable and well-blended formulations, ensuring that the product is effective and easy to use. Additionally, TEA has moisturising properties, helping to hydrate and soften the skin. It can also enhance the penetration of other active ingredients, allowing them to better penetrate the skin and deliver their benefits.

Disadvantages:
Triethanolamine (TEA) in cosmetics can have several drawbacks. Firstly, TEA is known to be a potential skin irritant, especially for individuals with sensitive skin. It can cause redness, itching, and even allergic reactions in some cases. Secondly, TEA has the potential to disrupt the natural pH balance of the skin, which can lead to dryness and irritation. Additionally, TEA has been associated with the formation of nitrosamines, which are potentially carcinogenic compounds.

Conclusion:
Triethanolamine (TEA) has many advantages, although it's important to consider its effects on the skin.


References:
https://cosmetics.specialchem.com/inci-ingredients/triethanolamine#:~:text=Triethanolamine%20(TEA)%20is%20a%20non,it%20interacts%20with%20the%20skin.
https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/triethanolamine-and-tea-containing-ingredients/