Heavy metals in cosmetics refer to metallic elements that are present in cosmetic products in varying concentrations. These metals can include lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, and chromium, among others. They are often used as colourants, preservatives, or as part of the formulation in cosmetics.

Advantages :
Firstly, they provide long-lasting and vibrant colours, making them ideal for creating bold and eye-catching makeup looks. Secondly, heavy metals like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide act as effective sunscreens, protecting the skin from harmful UV rays. Additionally, heavy metals can enhance the texture and consistency of cosmetic products, ensuring smooth application and a luxurious feel.

Disadvantages:
These metals, such as lead, mercury, and arsenic, can be toxic and harmful to human health. Prolonged exposure to heavy metals through cosmetics can lead to various health issues, including skin irritation, allergies, and even more severe conditions like organ damage. Secondly, heavy metals are not easily biodegradable, which means they can persist in the environment for a long time, contributing to pollution and potentially harming ecosystems.

Conclusion:
It is evident that heavy metals, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium, pose serious risks to ecosystems and can have detrimental effects on human health when exposed to high levels. The studies have highlighted the importance of implementing effective measures to reduce heavy metal pollution and mitigate its adverse effects.


References:
http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-97072022000305615#:~:text=Heavy%20metals%20such%20as%20mercury,are%20included%20in%20toxic%20metals.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7335825/